Ubushomeri Buravuza Ubuhuha mu Rubyiruko rw'u Rwanda

Leta y'u Rwanda iravuga ko mu myaka irindwi iri imbere izateza imbere urwego rw'uburezi mu mugambi wo kugira ubukungu bw'igihugu bushingiye ku bumenyi. Icyakora imibare y'abarangiza mu mashuli yisumbuye, amakuru na za kaminuza ntibabone icyo gukora ikomeje kwiyongera. Minisitiri w'intebe Bwana Edouard Ngirente yizeje abagize inteko ishinga amategeko imitwe yombi ko iki kibazo bazakibonera umuti. Ari imbere y’inteko ishinga amategeko imitwe yombi, minisitiri w'intebe  yagaragaje politiki y’uburezi mu myaka irindwi iri imbere. Yavuze ko muri rusange urwego rw’uburezi mu Rwanda rumaze gutera imbere ku buryo bugaragara n’ubwo hari n’aho bitameze neza. Uru ni urwego ubutegetsi bufata nk’ishingiro ry’izamuka ry’ubukungu mu myaka 23 ishize. Imibare itangwa n’ubutegetsi igaragaza ko mu byiciro bitandukanye by’uburezi  ibyumba by’amashuli, abanyeshuli n’ibindi byunganira ubumenyi byo byazamutse. Nko mu cyiciro cya kabiri cy’amashuri yisumbuye, mu 2012 umubare w’abayigagamo basagaga ibihumbi bari 180 bagana na 25.4% y’abagombaga kuba biga muri iki kiciro. Muri 2016 umubare wabo na wo urasaga ibihumbi 200 bangana na 23.5%. Naho ku mashuli makuru na za kaminuza  hagati ya 2000 na 2015 harangije abanyeshuri basaga  100. Muri bo, ibihumbi 16 n’imisago 16% barangije ikiciro cya mbere, na ho  abandi basaga 8000 bagize  79% barangije ikiciro cya kabiri cya kaminuza. Abasaga 5000 na bo bari kuri 5% barangije ikiciro cya gatatu Masters and PhD’s. N’ubwo biri uko ubushomeri ku barangiza biganjemo urubyiruko bwo bukomeje kuvuza ubuhuha. Imibare ya 2017 irashyira abarangije za kaminuza n’amashuli makuru kuri 27.7% igashyira kandi abarangije amashuli yisumbuye kuri 35%. Bamwe mu badepite barasanga iki ari ikibazo cy’ingutu  bagasaba kugira igikorwa. Depite Costance Mukayuhi arasanga urubyiruko rwagombye no koroherezwa kubona inguzanyo mu kwihangira imirimo. Umukuru wa Guverinoma akavuga ko ministere y’ubucuruzi n’inganda yagihagurukiye. Naho Depite Pelagie Mukantaganzwa we agasanga byibura abarangiza aho kugira ngo bakomeze bashomere leta yabashyiriraho uburyo bwo kubahugura mu mugambi wo kubabyaza umusariuro.   Minisitiri w’intebe avuga ko iyi gahunda n’ubusanzwe yatangiye ihereye mu bize ubuhinzi n’ubworozi.   Ufatiye ku bipimo byagenderwagaho mu kugaragaza umubare w’abashomeri mu Rwanda 2011-2014 abarangije amashuli yisumbuye ikigo cy’igihugu cy’ibarurishamibare mu Rwanda cyagaragaje ko bari 9%. Kuba rero mu 2017 bari kuri 35% bitomora ko baba barikubye hafi inshuro enye. Ni cyo kimwe n’ubushomeri ku barangiza amashuli makuru na za kaminuza. 2011-2014 bari kuri 14% none ubu bari kuri 27.7% na bo byumvikana ko bikubye hafi inshuro ebyiri. Kuri gahunda y’ubutegetsi mu myaka irindi ni ukuzahanga 1500.000 by’imirimo mishya idashingiye ku buhinzi. Ni gahunda itari nshya  kuyari isanzweho yo guhanga imirimo 200000 buri mwaka kandi kugeza ubu itarigeze igerwaho ku mpuzandengo ubutegetsi bwifuza. Uretse iki kibazo cy’ubushomeri ku barangiza kwiga mu Rwanda abadepite  baranagaraza ko ireme ry’uburezi rigicumbagira. Impinduka za hato na hato zitaramba  muri uru rwego zishyirwa mu majwi nka nyirabayaza y’ipfapfana ry’ireme ry’uburezi. Bivuze ko rero bigoye gushyira imbere intero yo kugira ubukungu bushingiye ku bumenyi igihe haba hadafashwe ingamba zitajegajega.

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